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Fish Make More Noise Than You Think - Science Friday

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02/18/2022

17:12 minutes

a circular shaped small fish swimming in a reef. it is mostly white but has a dark spot near its tail
The foureye butterflyfish, a type of ray-finned fish, is one of the species that was found to make noise underwater. Credit: Aaron Rice

One of the most famous films of undersea explorer Jacques Cousteau was titled The Silent World. But when you actually stop and listen to the fishes, the world beneath the waves is a surprisingly noisy place. 

In a recent study published in the journal Ichthyology & Herpetology, researchers report that as many of two-thirds of the ray-finned fish families either are known to make sounds, or at least have the physical capability to do so. 

Some fish use specialized muscles around their buoyancy-modulating swim bladders to make noise. Others might blow bubbles out their mouths, or, in the case of herring, out their rear ends, producing “fish farts.” Still other species use ridges on their bodies to make noises similar to the way crickets do, grind their teeth, or snap a tendon to sound off. The noises serve a variety of purposes, from calling for a mate to warning off an adversary. 

Aaron Rice, principal ecologist in the K. Lisa Yang Center for Conservation Bioacoustics at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology in Ithaca, walks Ira through some of the unusual sounds produced by known fish around the world—and some mystery noises that they know are produced by fish, but have yet to identify. 

Freshwater toadfish (Batrachomoeus trispinosus)
The freshwater toadfish (Batrachomoeus trispinosus) can produce loud ‘hoots.’ Credit: Aaron Rice
Plainfin midshipman (Porichthys notatus)
The plainfin midshipman (Porichthys notatus) produces a loud, continuous humming sound. Credit: Aaron Rice

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Segment Guests

Aaron Rice

Aaron Rice is principal ecologist at the K. Lisa Yang Center for Conservation Bioacoustics of the Cornell Lab of Ornithology in Ithaca, New York.

Segment Transcript

The transcript for this segment is being processed. It will be posted within one week after the episode airs.

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Charles Bergquist

About Charles Bergquist

As Science Friday’s director, Charles Bergquist channels the chaos of a live production studio into something sounding like a radio program. Favorite topics include planetary sciences, chemistry, materials, and shiny things with blinking lights.

Ira Flatow

About Ira Flatow

Ira Flatow is the host and executive producer of Science FridayHis green thumb has revived many an office plant at death’s door.

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